自動攪拌車上都裝置圓筒型的攪拌筒以運載混合后的混凝土。在運輸過程中會始終保持攪拌筒轉(zhuǎn)動，以保證所運載的混凝土不會凝固，那么水泥自動攪拌車的主要專用機構(gòu)有哪些呢？今天小編就帶大家來了解一下：
The concrete mixer truck is equipped with cylindrical mixing drum to carry the mixed concrete. In the process of transportation, the mixing drum will always rotate to ensure that the concrete carried will not solidify. What are the main special mechanisms of the concrete mixer truck? Today, we will take you to know:
專用機構(gòu)主要包括取力器、攪拌筒前后支架、減速機、液壓系統(tǒng)、攪拌筒、操縱機構(gòu)、清洗系統(tǒng)等。其工作原理：通過取力裝置將汽車底盤的動力取出，并驅(qū)動液壓系統(tǒng)的變量泵，把機械能轉(zhuǎn)化為液壓能傳給定量馬達，馬達再驅(qū)動減速機，由減速機驅(qū)動攪拌裝置，對混凝土進行攪拌。
The special mechanism mainly includes power take-off, front and rear support of mixing drum, reducer, hydraulic system, mixing drum, control mechanism, cleaning system, etc. Its working principle: the power of the automobile chassis is taken out by the power take-off device, and the variable pump of the hydraulic system is driven. The mechanical energy is converted into hydraulic energy and transmitted to the quantitative motor. The motor drives the reducer, and the reducer drives the mixing device to mix the concrete.
取力裝置
Power take-off device
國產(chǎn)混凝土攪拌運輸車采用主車發(fā)動機取力方式。取力裝置的作用是通過操縱取力開關(guān)將發(fā)動機動力取出，經(jīng)液壓系統(tǒng)驅(qū)動攪拌筒，攪抖筒在進料和運輸過程中正向旋轉(zhuǎn)，以利于進料和對混凝土進行攪拌，在出料時反向旋轉(zhuǎn)，在工作終結(jié)后切斷與發(fā)動機的動力聯(lián)接。
The main engine power take-off mode is adopted for domestic concrete mixer truck. The function of the power take-off device is to take out the power of the engine by operating the power take-off switch, and drive the mixing drum through the hydraulic system. The stirring drum rotates forward in the process of feeding and transportation to facilitate the feeding and mixing of concrete. It rotates reversely when discharging, and cuts off the power connection with the engine after the end of the work.
液壓系統(tǒng)
Hydraulic system
將經(jīng)取力器取出的發(fā)動機動力(一般都是后置全功能取力器)，轉(zhuǎn)化為液壓能(排量和壓力)，再經(jīng)馬達輸出為機械能（轉(zhuǎn)速和扭矩），為攪拌筒轉(zhuǎn)動提供動力。
The power of the engine taken out by the power take-off device (generally full-function power take-off device at the rear) is converted into hydraulic energy (displacement and pressure), and then output to mechanical energy (speed and torque) through the motor to provide power for the rotation of the mixing drum.
減速機
Reducer
將液壓系統(tǒng)中馬達輸出的轉(zhuǎn)速減速后，傳給攪拌筒。
After decelerating the speed of the motor output in the hydraulic system, it is transmitted to the mixing drum.
操縱機構(gòu)
Control mechanism
a．控制攪拌筒旋轉(zhuǎn)方向，使之在進料和運輸過程中正向旋轉(zhuǎn)，出料時反向旋轉(zhuǎn)。
a. Control the rotation direction of the mixing drum to make it rotate forward in the process of feeding and transportation, and reverse rotation when discharging.
b．控制攪拌筒的轉(zhuǎn)速。
b. Control the speed of mixing drum.
攪拌裝置
Mixing device
它主要由攪拌筒及其輔助支撐部件組成。攪拌筒是混凝土的裝載容器，它是由優(yōu)質(zhì)耐磨薄鋼板制成，為了能夠自動裝、卸混凝土，其內(nèi)壁焊有特殊形狀的螺旋葉片。轉(zhuǎn)動時混凝土沿葉片的螺旋方向運動，在不斷的提升和翻動過程中受到混合和攪拌。在進料及運輸過程中，攪拌筒正轉(zhuǎn)，混凝土沿葉片向里運動，出料時，攪拌筒反轉(zhuǎn)，混凝土沿著葉片向外卸出。攪拌筒的轉(zhuǎn)動則是靠液壓驅(qū)動裝置來保證。裝載量為3～6立方。的混凝土攪拌運輸車一般采用由汽車發(fā)動機通過動力輸出軸帶動液壓泵，再由高壓油推動液壓馬達驅(qū)動攪拌筒，裝載量為9～12立方的則由車載輔助柴油機帶動液壓泵驅(qū)動液壓馬達。葉片是攪拌裝置中的主要部件，損壞或嚴重磨損會導(dǎo)致混凝土攪拌不均勻。另外，葉片的角度如果設(shè)計不合理，還會使混凝土出現(xiàn)離析。
It is mainly composed of mixing drum and its auxiliary supporting parts. The mixing drum is a concrete loading container, which is made of high-quality wear-resistant thin steel plate. In order to automatically load and unload concrete, its inner wall is welded with spiral blades of special shape. When rotating, the concrete moves along the spiral direction of the blade, and is mixed and mixed in the process of continuous lifting and turning. In the process of feeding and transportation, the mixing drum rotates forward, and the concrete moves inward along the blade. When discharging, the mixing drum reverses and the concrete is discharged outward along the blade. The rotation of the mixing drum is ensured by the hydraulic driving device. The loading capacity is 3-6 cubic meters. In general, the truck engine drives the hydraulic pump through the power output shaft, and then the high-pressure oil drives the hydraulic motor to drive the mixing drum. When the loading capacity is 9-12 cubic meters, the vehicle auxiliary diesel engine drives the hydraulic pump to drive the hydraulic motor. Blade is the main part of the mixing device, damage or serious wear will lead to uneven mixing of concrete. In addition, if the angle of blade is not reasonable, it will cause concrete segregation.
清洗系統(tǒng)
Cleaning system
清洗系統(tǒng)的主要作用是清洗攪拌筒，有時也用于運輸途中進行干料攪拌。清洗系統(tǒng)還對液壓系統(tǒng)起冷卻作用。
The main function of the cleaning system is to clean the mixing drum, and sometimes it is used for dry material mixing during transportation. The cleaning system also cools the hydraulic system.
封閉裝置
Closure device
全封閉裝置采用回轉(zhuǎn)密封技術(shù)，密封了攪拌車的進出料口，解決了傳統(tǒng)攪拌車水份蒸發(fā)、砂漿分層、砼料撒落、行車安全等系列問題。
The rotary sealing technology is adopted in the fully closed device to seal the inlet and outlet of the mixer, and a series of problems such as water evaporation, mortar layering, concrete spreading and driving safety of the traditional mixer truck are solved.
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